costA domain name registry, also called Network Information Centre (NIC), is part of the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet which converts domain names to IP addresses. It is an organisation that manages the registration of Domain names within the top-level domains for which it is responsible, controls the policies of domain name allocation, and technically operates its top-level domain.
Domain names are managed under a hierarchy headed by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), which manages the top of the DNS tree by administrating the data in the root nameservers.
IANA also operates the .int registry for intergovernmental organisations, the .arpa zone for protocol administration purposes, and other critical zones such as root-servers.net.
IANA delegates all other domain name authority to other domain name registries such as VeriSign.
The RAND Health Insurance Experiment (RAND HIE) was a comprehensive study of health care cost, utilization and outcome in the United States. It is the only randomized study of health insurance, and the only study which can give definitive evidence as to the causal effects of different health insurance plans. Most health economics studies are observational, and can only give associational evidence. Although the study was conducted in the 1970's and early 1980's, the results are still highly relevant, since RAND HIE is the only study which can make causal statements.
In 1971, a RAND group, led by health economist Joe Newhouse and including statistician Carl Morris, established an insurance company using funding from the then-United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. The company insured 5809 people, randomly assigned to insurance plans that either had no cost-sharing, 25, 50 or 95% copayment rates with a maximum annual payment of $1000.
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