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Halloween

October 26, 2009 Written by nicolae

Halloween's Jack-o'-Lantern

Halloween (scris şi Hallowe'en) este o sărbătoare anuală celebrată pe 31 octombrie. Ea îşi are originea în festivalul celtic^[1]^[2] Samhain şi sărbătoarea creştină a Tuturor Sfinţilor. Este o celebrare seculară dar cu tente religioase puternice.^[3]^[4]^[5] Emigranţii irlandezi au dus această tradiţie în America de Nord pe vremea Marii Foamete din Irlanda din anii 1840.^[6]

Această zi este asociată adesea cu culorile portocaliu şi negru, şi este puternic asociată cu simboluri precum felinarul de dovleac. Activităţile de Halloween includ diverse farse prin care sunt speriate ţintele farselor, costumaţie specială şi serbări cu invitaţii deghizaţi, tururi de fantome, focuri de tabără, vizitarea unor clădiri bântuite, renhiuri jucate altora, citirea unor povestiri de groază şi vizionarea de filme de groază.

Referinţe

^ Originea Halloween
^ Originea Halloween
^ ^a Gyles Brandreth, "The Devil is gaining ground" The Sunday Telegraph (London), March 11, 2000.
^ ^a Halloween: Satan's New Year (2006) by Billye Dymally, Halloween: Counterfeit Holy Day (2005) by Kele Gershom, and Halloween: What's a Christian to Do? (1998) by Steve Russo. An opposing viewpoint is found in The Magic Eightball Test: A Christian Defense of Halloween and All Things Spooky (2006) by Lint Hatcher.
^ ^a Reece, Kevin (2004-10-24). "School District Bans Halloween". KOMO News.
^ "Halloween Comes to America". A&E Television Networks.

Bibliografie

Diane C. Arkins, Halloween: Romantic Art and Customs of Yesteryear, Pelican Publishing Company (2000). 96 pages. ISBN 1-56554-712-8
Diane C. Arkins, Halloween Merrymaking: An Illustrated Celebration Of Fun, Food, And Frolics From Halloweens Past, Pelican Publishing Company (2004). 112 pages. ISBN 1-58980-113-X
Lesley Bannatyne, Halloween: An American Holiday, An American History, Facts on File (1990, Pelican Publishing Company, 1998). 180 pages. ISBN 1-56554-346-7
Lesley Bannatyne, A Halloween Reader. Stories, Poems and Plays from Halloweens Past, Pelican Publishing Company (2004). 272 pages. ISBN 1-58980-176-8
Phyllis Galembo, Dressed for Thrills: 100 Years of Halloween Costumes and Masquerade, Harry N. Abrams, Inc. (2002). 128 pages. ISBN 0-8109-3291-1
Jean Markale, The Pagan Mysteries of Halloween: Celebrating the Dark Half of the Year (translation of Halloween, histoire et traditions), Inner Traditions (2001). 160 pages. ISBN 0-89281-900-6
Lisa Morton, The Halloween Encyclopedia, McFarland & Company (2003). 240 pages. ISBN 0-7864-1524-X
Jack Santino (ed.), Halloween and Other Festivals of Death and Life, University of Tennessee Press (1994). 280 pages. ISBN 0-87049-813-4
Ben Truwe, The Halloween Catalog Collection. Portland, Oregon: Talky Tina Press (2003). ISBN 0-9703448-5-6.

Linkuri

U.S. Census data about Halloween in the United States
Samhain: Season of Death and Renewal—Celtic Studies, Gaelic culture and religion
Halloween at the Open Directory Project

(Traducere şi adaptare din Wikipedia sub licenţa GNU)

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