panic

Systemic banking crises

Washington Mutual Tower in Seattle, Washington

A bank run affects just one bank. A banking panic or bank panic is a financial crisis that occurs when many banks suffer runs at the same time. In a systemic banking crisis, all or almost all of the banking capital in a country is wiped out.

Stock market crash

The London Stock Exchange

A stock market crash is a sudden dramatic decline of stock prices across a significant cross-section of a stock market. Crashes are driven by panic as much as by underlying economic factors. They often follow speculative stock market bubbles.

Economic disasters

Smokestack in Detroit

An economic disaster is the widespread disruption or collapse of a national or regional economy, possibly causing financial panic, hoarding, famine, hyperinflation, political upheaval or revolution. Some of these occurrences are short-lived, while others last many years. Economic disasters are rarely the product of purely economic forces such as the stock market or monetary policy. Political and natural forces, such as hurricanes or droughts, can also play roles.

Types of financial crises

NYSE Security

 

Gambling


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